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Defining Key Events for Google Analytics 4

Field guide · Analytics

Optimizing Automotive Campaigns with Actionable Conversion Signals for Better Bid Strategies

ReleasedSeptember 17, 2024
Length15 pages
Reading time~15 min
AuthorBrian Pasch
IncludesKey event checklist (hard & soft conversions)

Want the short version?

Read our one-minute summary, or ask your AI what this guide means for your dealership.

Not every conversion is a conversion. Key events tell Google which ones count.

This resource outlines how dealerships can define and implement key events in Google Analytics 4 (GA4) for optimal Google Ads campaign performance. By leveraging Automotive Standards Council (ASC) event specifications and custom events, dealers can track key customer interactions and ensure their ad campaigns are informed by actionable data, improving both marketing efficiency and ROI.

36event names defined by the Automotive Standards Council (ASC) for dealer websites
26+key events in the framework, and each campaign imports a subset
8,890natural VDP views in one dealer's GA4 account, against 34,886 total VDP views
100%of VLA clicks would fire a simple VDP-view key event, which wastes bidding signal
Key findings

Get the signals right, and the bidding follows.

Finding 01p. 3

Hard conversions are leads, and a small share of ad clicks.

A hard conversion means a shopper gave contact details by form, chat or phone, such as asc_form_submission_sales on a Check Availability form.

Finding 02p. 4

Soft conversions show intent before a form is filled.

custom_engaged_trade_shopper fires when a shopper starts a trade valuation but may not finish the lead form. Pairing soft and hard gives Google more signals.

Finding 03p. 4

The wrong key events inflate your numbers.

Any session with a key event counts as engaged, so some agencies mark minor events to lift the rate. Never make a page, VDP or SRP view a key event.

Finding 04p. 4

Match each campaign to its own department's key events.

A checklist of ASC call, form and chat events by department plus custom soft conversions, with GA4 setups for TradePending, Darwin, CarNow and Gubagoo.

In the full guide
Inside the guide

Twelve sections, from the ASC event list to Facebook's API.

  1. 01

    Introduction

    p. 3

    How ASC events become GA4 key events for Google Ads, and why to add soft conversions.

  2. 02

    Google Engagement Rate: Don't Inflate This Metric

    p. 4

    Marking minor events as key events inflates engagement rate. The guide says to stop.

  3. 03

    Key Event Checklist

    p. 4

    ASC call, form & chat hard conversions by department, plus suggested custom soft ones.

  4. 04

    custom_engaged_trade_shopper

    p. 6

    Fires when a shopper starts a trade valuation. Setups for TradePending, Darwin & CarNow.

  5. 05

    custom_engaged_payment_shopper

    p. 7

    Fires when a shopper works through payments. Setups for Gubagoo, Darwin & CarNow.

  6. 06

    custom_engaged_finance_applicant

    p. 9

    Tracks finance or credit applications that are started. Setups for Darwin & CarNow.

  7. 07

    custom_natural_vdp_view

    p. 10

    VDP views reached by browsing, not by landing, with one dealer's GA4 numbers.

  8. 08

    custom_engaged_media_viewer

    p. 11

    Video plays, 360 spins & gallery clicks matched with a regex, plus a 360-only version.

  9. 09

    VDP Views with Media (Natural & External)

    p. 12

    Natural VDP views with media use, and an external-traffic check that isn't a key event.

  10. 10

    custom_engaged_chat_shopper

    p. 13

    Chat engagement split by department using comm_status, with a Gubagoo example.

  11. 11

    Example Google Sales Campaign: New Car Acquisition

    p. 15

    The hard & soft key events a new-car VLA campaign should import, and how to weight them.

  12. 12

    Using Facebook Conversion API & Tealium

    p. 15

    Send the same events to Facebook through Tealium's Facebook Conversion connector.

Tools you can use on Monday
  • Key event checklist (hard & soft conversions)
  • Sales campaign key event map
  • GA4 custom event setups for TradePending, Darwin, CarNow & Gubagoo
  • Media engagement regular expression
  • Tealium & Facebook Conversion API setup steps
15 pages · Free PDF
About the research

Who's behind it, and how it was done.

The team, the method, and where the data came from.

BP
Brian PaschFounder, Pasch Group

Brian founded Pasch Group, where he works with dealers, OEMs and technology companies on marketing performance, data strategy and emerging retail technology. He also founded the Automotive Standards Council for GA4.

Read full bio

Brian Pasch is one of the most trusted voices in modern automotive retail, known for his forward-thinking approach to digital marketing, analytics and customer experience. As the founder of Pasch Group, he works closely with dealers, OEMs and technology companies to improve marketing performance, optimize data strategies and evaluate emerging retail technologies. His consulting is grounded in deep technical expertise and a hands-on, results-driven style. Brian founded the Automotive Standards Council for GA4, which is establishing industry-wide benchmarks for data consistency and visibility.

He is the creator of some of the industry’s most influential events, including the Modern Retailing Conference (MRC), the Digital Marketing Strategies Conference (DMSC) and the C-Suite Automotive Network (CXO). These gatherings bring together progressive dealers, tech innovators and OEM leaders to explore what’s next in automotive retail, with content-rich sessions and candid conversations that challenge the status quo.

Beyond his professional impact, Brian is known for his generosity as a teacher, his relentless curiosity and his commitment to helping others grow, traits that have earned him deep respect across the automotive industry.

Basis
Automotive Standards Council (ASC) event specification, with its 36 event names
Format
Key event standard for GA4 and Google Ads, with GA4 custom event setups
Examples
Setups for TradePending, Darwin, CarNow and Gubagoo, and screenshots from dealer GA4 accounts
Read the full abstract

With Google Analytics 4 (GA4) becoming the standard for tracking customer interactions, it’s essential for auto dealers to configure the right key events that signal meaningful conversions. This resource explains how GA4 events should be aligned with dealership goals, breaking them into hard and soft conversions that reflect sales, service, and parts department activities. The document highlights how events like asc_form_submission_sales (for completed sales forms) and custom_engaged_trade_shopper (for engaged trade shoppers) can be used to fine-tune ad campaigns in Google Ads and other platforms.

The report also discusses the importance of avoiding inflated metrics by using appropriate key events for campaign bidding. It emphasizes the role of soft conversions, such as media engagement or payment calculations, which can indicate customer intent even if no form was submitted. Additionally, the guide provides instructions on setting up custom events and how these signals can be integrated into Google Ads and Facebook Ads via the Facebook Conversion API, creating a seamless marketing optimization process. Overall, this guide helps dealers make the most of their GA4 setup by defining conversion events that align with their dealership’s specific operations and goals.

For your role

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Questions

Before you download.

Quick answers about the guide and who it's for.

What are key events in GA4 for car dealers?

Key events are the shopper actions you tell Google count, such as a sales form submission. The key events you import from GA4 into Google Ads shape how your campaigns bid. Defining Key Events for Google Analytics 4 gives dealers a key event standard built on Automotive Standards Council (ASC) events.

What is the difference between hard and soft conversions in GA4?

A hard conversion is a lead: a shopper gives contact details by form, chat or phone, such as asc_form_submission_sales on a Check Availability form. A soft conversion shows intent before a form is filled, such as custom_engaged_trade_shopper when a shopper starts a trade valuation. Pairing them gives Google more signals.

Can the wrong key events inflate GA4 engagement rate?

Yes. Any session with a key event counts as engaged, so marking minor events as key events inflates your engagement rate. Defining Key Events for Google Analytics 4 notes that some agencies do this to lift the rate, and says never to make a page, VDP or SRP view a key event.

Should a VDP view be a key event in GA4?

Not a simple VDP view. 100% of VLA clicks would fire it, which wastes bidding signal. Defining Key Events for Google Analytics 4 instead describes custom_natural_vdp_view for VDP views reached by browsing, not by landing. In one dealer's GA4 account, that was 8,890 natural VDP views against 34,886 total.

Which GA4 key events should a dealer import into a Google Ads campaign?

Only the ones that match that campaign's department. Import the subset of the 26+ key events in the framework that fits. Defining Key Events for Google Analytics 4 includes a key event checklist by department and an example new-car VLA campaign showing which hard and soft key events to import and how to weight them.

Can dealers send GA4 key events to Facebook?

Yes. Defining Key Events for Google Analytics 4 shows how to send the same events to Facebook through Tealium's Facebook Conversion connector, using the Facebook Conversion API. It also includes GA4 custom event setups for TradePending, Darwin, CarNow and Gubagoo.

Is Defining Key Events for Google Analytics 4 free?

Yes. It's a free 15-page PDF by Brian Pasch, about a 15-minute read, written for dealership marketing and digital managers. Download it on this page. It was published in September 2024.

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Retail strategy, AI and innovation for dealer leaders.

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